A model of plant type iib and type iii atpases showing the. The ptype atpase database was launched as part of a project performed at the traplabs, department of plant biology, the faculty of life sciences of the copenhagen university, copenhagen, denmark. Ctpb is a plasma membrane copper i transporting ptype. P type atpases have a single catalytic subunit of 70 140 kda. Crystal structure of the plasma membrane proton pump nature. Functional properties of the coppertransporting atpase. These enzymes have a significant impact on cellular funciton. Methods and protocols provides comprehensive practical instructions for all researchers in the ptype atpase field, from the protein biochemist to the mouse geneticist, covering. There are many different classes of patpases, which.
The transport activity of ptypeatpases is commonly inhibited by vanadate. In plants and fungi, cellular ion homeostasis is powered by the proton pump, a member of the ptype atpase family. Ptype atpase in several rosaceae species including the pear have been identified zhang et al. Structurally, all ptype atpases share certain common points. Here we present functional studies and three new crystal structures of the rabbit skeletal. Ptype atpases are a large family of membrane proteins that perform active ion transport across biological membranes. Ptype atpases are found in all kingdoms of life and constitute a wide range of cation transporters, primarily for h, na, k, ca, and transition metal ions such as cui, znii, and cdii. On the basis of the abovementioned results, it cannot be. The identification of genes that are involved in cd accumulationtolerance is vital in developing crop cultivars with low cd accumulation. Four major domains are ubiquitously present in ptype atpases.
The 4 types of atpdependent transporters atpases ftype atp synthase synthesize atp hydrolyze atp ptype transporter. Rabbit sarcoplasmic reticulum ca atpase is the only member of the p type atpase family for which an atomic resolution structure is available 16. P type atpases undergo internal phosporhylation during transport cycle, i. Pdf in the past 10 years, research on ptype atpases in plants has. Pde1 encodes a ptype atpase involved in appressoriummediate plant infection by the rice blast fungus magnaporthe grisea. A ptype atpase importer that discriminates between. Genomewide identification and analysis of ptype plasma. The alignment file for the p type atpase domain pf00690, pf00122 and pf246.
Specifically, p type atpases are active transporters of metal cations that are autophosphorylated on a. A ptype atpase required for rice blast disease and. Structural biochemistrymembrane proteinsptype atpases. Ptype atpase was named based on the presence of an intermediate. We developed a doubled haploid dh population that was derived. Pdf structurefunction relationship in ptype atpases a. The vtype atpase is most prominently associated with lysosomes in mammals, but also appears to be expressed on the plasma membrane and neuronal synaptic vesicles. Function of patpase is to transport a variety of different compounds, like ions and phospholipids, across a membrane using atp hydrolysis for energy. Rees1 division of chemistry and chemical engineering 11496. April 1995 esophageal, gastric, and duodenal disorders a165 identification of omeprazole response in dyspepsia. Comparative analysis of the ptype atpase gene family in. Ijms free fulltext hvpaa1 encodes a ptype atpase, a. The position of this sequence in the phylogenetic tree might change. Frontiers p4atpases as phospholipid flippasesstructure.
In general, the atpase enzymes are membrane proteins that perform energetically unfavorable processes, such as folding and degrading proteins, the initiation of replication, dna repair, and the transport of substances, using the energy released during atp hydrolysis. Interpro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites. In these proteins, the energyproviding atp hydrolysis is coupled to ion. P4atpases comprise a family of ptype atpases that actively transport or flip phospholipids across cell membranes. The ctpb gene encodes for a putative protein of 752 amino acids 77. Ptype atpases are a large family of integral membrane transporters that are of vital importance in all. They are remarkably simple with only a single catalytic subunit and carry out large domain motions during transport. The correct version of the poster is available for downloading at.
F type atpase, proton transportes in mitochondria, synthesize atp 3. Pdf transient expression of ptype atpases in tobacco. A novel p type atpase cloned from helicobacter pylori. More than 150 members of the ptype atpase family have been identified. Fatpase, also known as ftype atpase, is an atp synthase found in bacterial plasma membranes, in mitochondrial inner membranes in oxidative phosphorylation, where it is known as complex v, and in. In plants, there are primarily three kinds of proton pumps, the vtype atpase, ptype atpase and ftype atpase. Current classification divides the ptype atpases into 5 subfamilies based on their sequence, cation. Arabidopsis thaliana has eight genes encoding members of the type 1b heavy metaltransporting subfamily of the ptype atpases. In silico predictions show that ctpb belongs to the ptype. Pdf ptype atpases are a large family of membrane proteins that perform active ion transport across biological. It is also involved in plant resistance to a variety of biotic and abiotic factors, including salt. In general, the atpase enzymes are membrane proteins that perform energetically unfavorable processes, such as folding and degrading proteins, the initiation of replication, dna repair. As of june 2007, 400 unique and confirmed members of the ptype atpase family have been discovered. The ptype atpase gene superfamily is one of the largest plant gene families.
Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download. The ion pumps of the ptype atpase family create electrochemical gradients that are essential for transepithelial transport, nutrient. Ptype atpases in health and disease frontiers research topic. Rabbit sarcoplasmic reticulum caatpase is the only member of the ptype atpase family for which an atomic resolution structure is available 16. We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single. As of june 2007, 400 unique and confirmed members of the p type atpase family have been discovered.
Different ciselements are shown in different colors. A ptype atpase importer that discriminates between essential and toxic transition metals oded lewinson1, allen t. Analysis of cisacting elements of p type atpase genes in chinese white pear. The 4 types of atp dependent transporters atpases f type. This generates and maintains membrane lipid asymmetry, a property essential for a wide. Ctpb has typical ptype atpase copper transporting domains. Purification and characterization of p type atpases. Drs2p is predicted to be a ptype atpase based on the presence of five wellconserved atpase motifs involved in the binding and hydrolysis of atp fig.