Resources, tools, and information specific to corn production and management. Integrated management of cereal stem borers and striga weed in maizebased cropping systems in africa z. Integrated crop management an overview sciencedirect topics. Integrated disease management strategy of common rust of.
Abstract field experiment was conducted at breeder seed production farm of. Integrated disease management jurgen kohl abstract integrated disease management in organic farming combines the use of various measures. Management of stalk rot of maize caused by fusarium. Among the many diseases affecting maize, leaf spot caused by curvularia lunata wakk. Ascochyta can be controlled by an integrated disease management approach based on host resistance and, depending on location, removal of infected plant debris, delayed sowing, seed dressing, and. These insect pests of maize cause damage to the plant and these cause stress to the plant. Integrated pest management ipm ipm 2 cultural methods biopesticides and botanicals behavioural methods biological methods ipm sipm is a pest management system that in the context of associated environment and population dynamics, utilizes all the appropriate techniques to minimize the pest population at levels below those causing economic. There have been four principal and several minor theories regarding the origin of. Chemical control should target small caterpillars up to 5 mm and be directed at tassels and emerging silks. Management decisions should be based on symptoms present and on a. It mainly relies on pesticides, and often attempts to reduce pest populations to the lowest possible level or to eradicate them completely.
This is done through optimization of the benefits from all possible sources of plant nutrients in an integrated manner. Soil solarization is an ecofriendly method that is compatible with organic and integrated crop management systems. Platform for agricultural risk management crop pests and disease management in uganda. Management of blsb requires an integrated approach based on the knowledge of each stage of the disease and molecular aspect of maize defence responses against r. Foliar disease management in maize often involves indiscriminate use of chemicals or total reliance on host plant resistance hpr. Integrated disease management of banded leaf and sheath blight of maize. Pdf integrated disease management of banded leaf and. Integrated management practices for the control of maize grey. Maize is thought to have originated at least 5000 years ago in the highlands of mexico, peru, ecuador, andor bolivia because of the great density of native forms found in the region.
This information is important for the development of integrated disease management strategies for the maize crop in brazil. Integrated management of cereal stem borers and striga. Use appropriate integrated pest management that controls insect pests and foliar diseases. Diseases in maize plant diseases biology discussion. Status of maize stalk rot complex in western belts of nepal. Integrated disease managementejkohl organic eprints. Ecology and management of european corn borer in iowa field corn.
Integrated disease management of banded leaf and sheath blight. Integrated management practices for the control of maize. We used a modeldriven integrated soilcrop system management approach to develop a maize production system that achieved mean maize yields of. The distribution and severity of grey leaf spot has increased over the past 10 to 15 years. Manual for integrated foodborne disease surveillance in the who african region manual for integrated foodborne disease surveillance in the who african region world health organization regional o. Crop rotation at suitable intervals is also effective in disease control. Nonchemical pest control includes physical control. Evaluation of integrated disease management module for root rot disease. The experiment was laid in randomized block design with 3m.
Integrated disease management in organic farming combines the use of various measures. Integrated pest management ipmuses all available pest management techniques in an overall crop pest management programme which considers all the potential pests. This knowledge is expected to help growers easily identify diseases and pests and help in the choice of management measures. However, it is important to consider several factors before deciding on a fungicide application. Integrated pest management ipm means the careful consideration of all available pest control techniques and subsequent integration of appropriate measures that discourage the development of pest populations and keep pesticides and other interventions to levels that are. Integrated control is achieved when chemical and nonchemical control methods are integrated in a programme. Insect pests of maize, the damage caused on maize plants. Integrated disease management an overview sciencedirect. Integrated soil crop system management for food security. Though technically a grain, maize kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable or starch. The soil of experimental field was deep with silty clay loam in texture, slightly alkaline ph 8. It is reported that common rust diseases can greatly reduce grain yield of maize in susceptible genotypes by 40% on an average.
Integrated disease management of turcicum leaf blight of. Diseases and stage of crop most diseases occur in late vegetative phase and during grain formation. Disease management in corn it should come as no surprise that the cornhusker states most economically important crop is corn. Field trials on integrated disease management were conducted during kharif 2012 and 20 at sherekashmir university of agricultural sciences and technology of kashmir, shalimar campus, srinagar. Pests have been associated with crops since times immemorial.
I assist cotton breeders in breeding for disease resistance, chemical testing for various diseases, management of pod rot of peanuts, and understanding the interaction between irrigation rates and plant pathogens in. With a map that shows where the weeds are and an integrated crop management plan, managers can design and implement an iwm program. Integrated plant disease management idm concept, advantages and importance integrated plant disease management can be defined as a decisionbased process involving coordinated use of multiple tactics for optimizing the control of pathogen in an ecologically and economically. Integrated disease management maize diseases slideshare. Management of stalk rot of maize caused by fusarium moniliforme sheldon mallikarjun kenganal1, m. Thus idm, a greener alternative to the conventional use of chemicals, is an attempt to promote natural, economic and.
Soaking wheat seeds in water at 2030c for 46 hours, then dipping in water at 49 for 2 minutes followed by drying before planting kills the dormant mycelium resulting in complete eradication. Different treatments including t1 seedling dip in fungicide, t2soil amendment with vermicompost. Status of maize stalk rot complex in western belts of nepal and its integrated management 1subash subedi, 2himalaya subedi and 1sarswati neupane 1nepal agricultural research council, national maize research program, rampur, chitwan, nepal 2cimmytnepal, dang corresponding author email. Patil2 and yusufali nimbaragi1 1department of plant pathology, university of agricultural sciences, raichur 2agricultural extension education center, koppal, india corresponding author a b s t r a c t treatment with.
Uganda platform for agricultural risk management parm. This is expected to improve disease and pest management and lead to increased soybean productivity through attaining better yields thereby. Integrated management of the fall armyworm on maize. The study suggests that any technology developed for maize should offer a clear yield and foliar disease resistance advantage over farmers current practices. Integrated disease management strategy of common rust of maize. It is efficient in controlling soilborne pathogens with a longterm effect on an agroecosystem, regarding soil nutrient improvement and microbial activities. Conclusions and perspectives acknowledgements references 1 introduction dampingoff is a historical term coined during the early nine. In developing countries, maize is consumed directly and serves as staple diet for some 200 million people.
In addition to higher grain yield, cimmyts maize breeding teams focus on. Pest managementincludes preventative methods as well as corrective measures, and manages the population of a pest so that it is below damaging levels. Pest controlis a corrective measure, used when pests are already a problem. Apply appropriate soil amendments, such as lime calcium, animal manure, and compost. The integrated disease management idm involves the need based use of pesticide only when the disease incidence reach economic threshold levels and this will promote the build up of many biocontrol agent in the crop ecosystems. July 2006 session 1 tthe principals of integrated pest management after completing this session, you should be able to.
Assessment of important plant disease of major crops. Integrated nutrient management in maize zea mays l. Hence, this document aimed to provide comprehensive integrated pest management practices to reduce crop losses caused by diseases and insect pests of maize. Cornell integrated crop and pest management guidelines for. The disease has been reported on maize growing in hot, humid, lowland tropical areas, where it causes no economic damage. The usda national agricultural statistics service reported that 9. There are a number of commercially formulated npv products on the market for the control of helicoverpa.
Integrated management of the fall armyworm on maize a guide for farmer field schools in africa food and agriculture organization of the united nations rome, 2018. The major pathogens that cause disease in maize are puccinia sorghi, trichometasphaeria turcica, fusarium graminearum, sphacelotheca reiliana, and maize streak virus tabel 2. Reviews national environmental policies, legislation, regulatory and administrative. In many african countries, the average maize yield per hectare is very low. Dhonde3 1,2,3department of agronomy, mahatma phule krishi vidyapeeth, rahuri, ditrict ahmednagar, maharashtra4 722, india. Growers need to integrate as many different management tools as possible for long term success. Idsr integrated disease surveillance and response ihr maaif mtti muk. In the case of the sweet maize, the sugary gene retards the normal conversion of sugar within starch during development of the endosperm, causing a dry sugary wrinkled and glassy kernel. Boedijn is becoming a major constraint in the cultivation of maize in karnataka. In india fusarium stalk rot was first reported from mount abu, rajasthan arya and jain, 1964. Jun 21, 2018 integrated disease management in crops. Integrated crop management an overview sciencedirect.
Integrated pest management ipm approach that will minimize the need for chemical pesticides during each project intervention. Systemic fungicides bavistin and tebuconazole 100% and 97. The disease progresses quickly under favorable wet conditions and can cause total crop failure. The current status of maize diseases in brazil fernando t. The usefulness of certain measures depends on the specific croppathogen combination. Pdf integrated disease management of banded leaf and sheath.
Cimmyts maize breeding work aims at developing easytoproduce, bestbet hybrids, elite maize lines, and improved openpollinated varieties, as well as sciencebased recommendations for varietal targeting and improved productivity in target regions. The information presented here is brief and cannot include. Integrated corn disease management involves the selection of hybrids with genetic resistance to diseases, application of seed fungicides, the adoption of sound crop management practices, and the occasional application of foliar fungicides when warranted by disease risk. Aflatoxin management for smallholder farmers of maize and. Integrated nutrient management is the maintenance or adjustment of soil fertility and plant nutrient supply at an optimum level to sustain the desired crop productivity. A pot culture experiment was conducted in factorial randomized block design during 200809 and 200910 crop season at regional agricultural research station, lam, guntur. Therefore, effective disease management is essential to overcome these risks. Botanicals, common rust, field evaluation, fungicides, integrated disease management, puccinia sorghi, zea mays. In many crops, preventative measures can control diseases without the need of plant protection products. Potential role of cereallegume intercropping systems in.
Definition the integrated pest management ipm concept was developed not as a way of eradicating pests and diseases, but as a method for their longterm management to minimize their impact and keep pest populations at an economically and. Status of maize stalk rot complex in western belts of. Integrated pest management practice for cotton trichogramma, telenomu by growing two rows of maize sorghum or cowpea along the border collection of spodoptera egg masses and putting them in perforated cage. The research results have provided valuable and significant insight into pathogen epidemiology and allowed an integrated management system to be developed. Every effort has been made to provide correct, complete, and uptodate pest management information for new york state at the time this publication was released for printing november, 2018. Whenever possible, eradication, exclusion, host resistance, and protection should be practiced. In developed countries, maize is consumed mainly as secondcycle produce, in the form of meat, eggs and dairy products. Manual for integrated foodborne disease surveillance in the who african region world health organization regional office for africa brazzaville 2012. Zimdahl, in fundamentals of weed science fifth edition, 2018. The disease was first reported from united states of america by pammel 1914 as a serious root and stalk diseases.
But under changing environment their number has increased and the minor pests now become the major one causing greater damage to the crop. In many areas of new york state, there are horticultural, economic, social, and political. Discussed are 1 the disease triangle, 2 considerations in assessing the need for disease control, 3 the range of potential control measures, and where they best apply, and 4 the major categories of corn diseases and common control alternatives for each. Integrated management of post flowering stalk rot of maize caused by fusarium verticillioides. Pdf integrated disease management of field crops under hill. Ascochyta can be controlled by an integrated disease management approach based on host resistance and, depending on location, removal of infected plant debris, delayed sowing, seed dressing, and foliar fungicides. Management of stalk rot of maize caused by fusarium moniliforme sheldon. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information. Integrated pest management ipm in coffee production 1. Integrated management of the fall armyworm on maize a guide for farmer field schools in africa food and agriculture organization of the united nations. For maize, threatening organisms are stem borers, nematodes, bacteria, viruses, fungi and weeds are some of the organisms that have negative impact on the maize plant.
Apply effective and responsible integrated pest, disease and weed control primary agriculture nqf level 4 unit standard no. Integrated management practices for the control of maize grey leaf. The united states and south africa are main areas where research on the disease has been concentrated. Appel research in the forest pathology laboratory focuses on factors that influence the incidence and severity of plant disease epidemics, such as oak wilt and pierces disease of grapes. The thesis attached hereto, entitled integrated disease management of. My research focus is in soilborne diseases of cotton and peanut. Narigp national agricultural and rural inclusive growth. Rotate legumes crops groundnuts with grain crops maize, sorghum to break pest and disease cycles and improve soil fertility. Some important diseases of maize crop along with their losses and causal agent. Pdf integrated management of post flowering stalk rot of. Khan international centre for insect physiology and ecology icipe maize is the most important cereal crop, which serve as staple food for. The use of these combined practices usually produce the most reliable and stable plant disease management. Integrated pest management ipm in coffee production. This sweet corn pest identification and management pocket guide is a quick, colorful, and handy reference for sweet corn growers, extension educators, crop consultants, and industry field representatives who work in the north central region and ontario, canada.